I recall two moments distinctly from my recent drive in a Volkswagen e-Golf. The first was marveling at how this electric vehicle’s instantly available torque made it the best car I’d ever found for the cut-and-thrust of city driving. The second came only 80 miles or so later, as I was feather-footing the same car in the right lane of a divided highway, windows fogged because the air-conditioning was disabled, with a dashboard full of warning messages (including an illuminated turtle to let me know that all that zip I had enjoyed was gone). Most critically, the car’s range gauge indicated it had juice to go only 10 more miles. My destination: a charging station nine miles away.
Electric-car early adopters are now shaking their heads at my plight and saying, “Well, duh, Dave. You’ve got to plan ahead.” But that’s exactly my point: Who does that? Gasoline-powered cars, hybrids included, require only a modicum of attention to keep them fueled. In most areas, gas stations are abundant, and the refueling experience is as consistent as grabbing fast food. You can pick the station based on the quality of the gas or whether they sell lottery tickets inside.
When was the last time you pulled up to a filling station where none of the pumps worked? Or the nozzle didn’t fit your car? Or there was only one pump, and the guy ahead of you needed four hours to fill up?
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As I sought to recharge my loaner electric, all of those things happened to me, triggering a condition the industry calls range anxiety. It felt more like range panic.
The e-Golf I drove is a battery electric vehicle (BEV). It had an electric motor where a gasoline engine would be and a battery instead of a fuel tank. So, no plug, no go. BEVs sit at one extreme of the range of power choices for today's vehicles. At the other end are internal combustion vehicles that only burn fuel (what we used to just call cars). In between are hybrids that have both electric motors and gas engines, which help charge the batteries and propel the car (think Toyota Prius). Then there are plug-in hybrids with big batteries. If you charge them up at an outlet, the cars will run on electricity alone for a number of miles before their gas engines kick in.
Future of driving. Electric cars have many merits. Besides quick acceleration, and the potential for lower operating costs (because they don’t need gas), they don’t pollute from the tailpipe. Yes, the claimed environmental benefits depend on how the electricity that powers these cars is made, but we don’t have room for that here. The environmental benefit is why big money is being thrown at electric cars around the world. China, in particular, subsidizes them heavily because it wants to meet rising consumer demand for cars and improve its often-dismal air quality.
Not surprisingly, a lot of studies point to many more electric cars in the global future. But is one in your future? That is, will you buy a battery electric as your next vehicle? I doubt it. Sure, there are always the early adopters, who have the commitment and money to make a statement (looking at you, Tesla bros, with your vanity tags saying “ENVT 1,” “4GET GAS” and such). However, if your driving habits take you more than, say, 150 miles from home more than a few times a year, it’s hard to see a true electric working out as your primary vehicle, given the primitive state of the recharging architecture.
My wife’s cousins, Alex Horowitz and Emily Diamond-Falk, are about as green as they come. Their Washington, D.C., row house roof is covered with solar panels. But even they didn’t go fully electric for their first car. “As a one-car household, an all-electric would have covered 90% of our driving,” Emily explained. “But that last 10% matters, too.” They opted for a Chevrolet Volt, a plug-in hybrid. On longer trips, such as the 650-mile drives they take to visit her mom in Michigan, the gas engine kicks in, saving them the hunt for a charger.
That said, BEVs do work for some people. Got a predictable commute and room for a charger at home? You could save money because electrics are inherently more efficient than gas cars at turning energy into motion. Take my e-Golf: Running it 100 miles would cost about $3.60 for the electricity. For a gas-burning Golf, it would cost $10.50 in gasoline. While the manufacturer’s suggested retail price on the e-Golf is substantially higher than the gas model, a $7,500 federal tax credit is available. Another electric cost-saver: Lower maintenance costs, starting with no oil changes. Those savings might cover a few car rentals if you need a car with the range for a proper road trip.
What about Tesla? The cars are impressive, sure, with mind-blowing acceleration and range well over 200 miles, but, for now, they’re very, very dear. The saga of whether Tesla can meet demand and become a mainstream car manufacturer (with affordable products) is fascinating to watch, but whether the company will survive is not a judgment I’m qualified to make. Notably, Tesla has developed a charging system that can move the electrons a whole lot faster. Just stop in for a 30-minute top-off at one of their “Superchargers” located around the country. But only in a Tesla. Work is being done on fast chargers for other vehicles (including by VW), but it’s far from complete.
In case you’re wondering whether I reached the charger or had to call for a flatbed to haul away a now-useless car (remember, a friend can’t bring you a can of electrons), I’m proud to say that I made it.
The destination was Washington Dulles International Airport in Virginia, where my ChargePoint app said there were eight charging plugs in the daily garage, some of which were available. That was technically true: When I crawled into the parking garage, several of the chargers (analogous to pumps) were ready to deliver juice, as the last customers’ cars were fully charged. But those cars were all still in the parking spots, with their owners off to Dubuque—or Dubai.
With the e-Golf on its last few watts, I blocked a few of them in, unplugged one of the space hogs and made the charging cord stretch out to the aisle. I hooked up for my “free” electricity—enough charge to make it home—and fell into fitful sleep in the driver’s seat. I then had to pay $17 to get out of the garage.
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