Convert to a Roth IRA in Retirement?

You'll have to pay tax on the conversion, but all the money you withdraw comes out tax-free.

I retired this year. Would this be a good time to convert my traditional IRA to a Roth?

It could be a good time to convert to a Roth IRA, particularly if your income is lower than usual and your income-tax bracket has dropped. The key is whether you have enough money on hand -- preferably not inside your IRA -- to pay the tax on the conversion when you file your 2011 tax return next year.

There was a lot of hoopla last year about converting traditional IRAs to Roth IRAs because in 2010 you could spread the tax bill over two years. But the two-year spread is no longer an option. If you convert to a Roth IRA by December 31, you’ll need to pay taxes on the entire amount when you file your 2011 return next April.

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But it’s not an all-or-nothing decision. You may want to convert a portion of your IRA each year so that you don’t boost your adjusted gross income too much in any one year. A higher AGI could jeopardize your eligibility for other tax breaks or could subject you to the high-income surcharge for Medicare Part B and Part D. That surcharge kicks in after your AGI tops $85,000 for single filers and $170,000 for married couples filing jointly.

Kimberly Lankford
Contributing Editor, Kiplinger's Personal Finance

As the "Ask Kim" columnist for Kiplinger's Personal Finance, Lankford receives hundreds of personal finance questions from readers every month. She is the author of Rescue Your Financial Life (McGraw-Hill, 2003), The Insurance Maze: How You Can Save Money on Insurance -- and Still Get the Coverage You Need (Kaplan, 2006), Kiplinger's Ask Kim for Money Smart Solutions (Kaplan, 2007) and The Kiplinger/BBB Personal Finance Guide for Military Families. She is frequently featured as a financial expert on television and radio, including NBC's Today Show, CNN, CNBC and National Public Radio.